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Method of moments (statistics) : ウィキペディア英語版
Method of moments (statistics)

In statistics, the method of moments is a method of estimation of population parameters. One starts with deriving equations that relate the population moments (i.e., the expected values of powers of the random variable under consideration) to the parameters of interest. Then a sample is drawn and the population moments are estimated from the sample. The equations are then solved for the parameters of interest, using the sample moments in place of the (unknown) population moments. This results in estimates of those parameters. The method of moments was introduced by Karl Pearson in 1894.
==Method==
Suppose that the problem is to estimate k unknown parameters \theta_, \theta_, \dots, \theta_ characterizing the distribution f_(w; \theta) of the random variable W.〔K. O. Bowman and L. R. Shenton, "Estimator: Method of Moments", pp 2092-2098, ''Encyclopedia of statistical sciences'', Wiley (1998).〕 Suppose the first k moments of the true distribution (the "population moments") can be expressed as functions of the \thetas:
:\mu_ \equiv E()=g_(\theta_, \theta_, \dots, \theta_) ,
:\mu_ \equiv E()=g_(\theta_, \theta_, \dots, \theta_) ,
:::\vdots
:\mu_ \equiv E()=g_(\theta_, \theta_, \dots, \theta_) .
Suppose a sample of size n is drawn, resulting in the values w_1, \dots, w_n. For j=1,\dots,k, let
:\hat_=\frac\sum_^ w_^
be the j-th sample moment, an estimate of \mu_. The method of moments estimator for \theta_, \theta_, \dots, \theta_ denoted by \hat_, \hat_, \dots, \hat_ is defined as the solution (if there is one) to the equations:
:\hat \mu_ = g_(\hat_, \hat_, \dots, \hat_) ,
:\hat \mu_ = g_(\hat_, \hat_, \dots, \hat_) ,
:::\vdots
:\hat \mu_ = g_(\hat_, \hat_, \dots, \hat_) .

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